Information on PDT Chinese Version .... Photodynamic Therapy (PDT)
腫瘤光力學療法 What is it? 什麼是腫瘤光力學療法?
PDT utilizes a light sensitive medicine which selectively accumulates on diseased tissue.
Light of specific wavelengths is then applied to the affected area.
腫瘤光力學療法是利用注入一種 對光照敏感的藥劑(光敏劑)，該光敏劑能有選擇性地聚集到病變組織上，並使用一種特殊波長的光波對其進行照射以達到治療效果。
How does it work? 腫瘤光力學療法是如何產生效應的？ Why does it work? 為何該療法有效？
1. Light-activated agent (photosensitizer) administered 注入光敏劑（對光照敏感的藥劑）
2. Agent accumulates selectively in affected tissue 該光敏劑將有選擇性地聚集到不正常的細胞上
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Tumor Before Agent
注入光敏劑前的腫瘤
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Agent Selectively attaches to Tumour
光敏劑有選擇性的附著於腫瘤上 |
An approved diagnostic tool 一台已被認可的診斷儀器 
Karl Storz PDD set
| | Squamous cancer on floor of mouth
口底上的鱗狀癌組織
Before
顯位前 |
After agent tumour fluorescence
對腫瘤組織的螢光顯位元 |
Squamous cancer right vocal cord 右邊聲帶的鱗狀癌症
Before After agent tumour fluorescence
顯位前 對腫瘤組織的螢光顯位元 | |
Accumulation on Breast Cancer
用於治療乳癌時光敏劑聚集所顯示出來的效果
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Accumulation on ovarian cancer in incision
用於治療卵巢癌時光敏劑聚集所顯示出的效果
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Light is applied to affected area 對受影響的區域 (光敏劑聚集區) 進行光照
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A non toxic effective treatment for primary and metastatic cancer and other diseases
對於原發和次發性癌症以及其他疾病的有效且無毒性的治療
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4. Agent becomes activated, creating singlet oxygen
注入的光敏劑（對光照敏感的藥劑）被啟動,產生單鍵氧
5. Singlet oxygen destroys diseased cells, leaving normal tissue largely unaffected
單鍵氧破壞病變組織而不傷害絕大部分的正常組織
加以光照
 病變組織 與光敏劑結合的病變組織 單鍵氧產物 凋亡
口服攝入光敏劑
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Following light administration tumour cells are damaged or destroyed
在接受光照治療後,癌細胞被損壞或摧毀。
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Tumour cells (orange)
24 hours after light
光照治療後24小時的癌細胞
（圖中橙色部分）
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Tumour cells (orange)
72 hours after light showing
massive cell death
圖中所示為光照治療後72小時
大量癌細胞（橙色部分）的死亡
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| Agent also accumulates in new vessels feeding tumour
光敏劑也可以聚集到給癌細胞運送養分的血管上 After light treatment blood flow coagulates
光照治療過後，血管內的血液開始凝固 
Blood clots in vessels feeding tumour
給癌細胞運送養分的血管的凝固示圖 |
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Fragmentation of tumour cells causes immune system to produce tumour specific anti-bodies (auto vaccination) 由於腫瘤細胞的破碎，促使免疫系統產生出對抗腫瘤的特殊抗體.(自動生成疫苗)
细胞
秘密抗體
凋亡的病變細胞
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Why does it work? 為何能產生效應
Why do photosensitizers concentrate in tumour cells? 為什麼光敏劑（對光照敏感的藥劑）可以聚集到腫瘤細胞上？
Tumour cells have a lactic acid metabolism and have a negative charge
腫瘤組織內有一個具有乳酸性的新陳代謝形式和帶負電的環境。
Photosensitizers precipitate in acid environments and are positively charged
光敏劑傾向於在酸性環境中沉澱，且帶有正電荷。
Tumour cells have a lactic acid metabolism and have a negative charge
癌細胞內有一個具有乳酸性的新陳代謝形式和帶負電的環境
细胞膜
| 線粒體 |  | | | 需氧性新陳代謝 乳酸厭氧性新陳代謝
Normal Cell 正常细胞 Malignant Cell 病變細胞
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Photosensitizers precipitate in acid environments and are positively charged
光敏劑（對光照敏感的藥劑）傾向於在酸性環境中沉澱，且帶有正電荷。
| 光敏劑 细胞膜 脂蛋白 |  | | 線粒體 |
How does the combination of light sensitive agent and light kill or damage cancer cells?
光敏劑（對光照敏感的藥劑）是如何跟光結合殺死或摧毀癌症細胞的？
腫瘤光力學療法Treatment Protocol對抗流程
What does it treat? 該療法用於對付什麼？
Cancer and certain eye diseases are the primary indications for PDT at present.
當今的腫瘤光力學療法主要用於治療癌症和一些特定的眼疾。 Many other medical conditions are helped by Photodynamic Therapy
該療法也能為許多其他疾病的治療提供幫助。
Additional medical indications
Psoriasis 牛皮癬, 銀屑癬
Vascular disease 血管病
Rheumatoid arthritis 風濕性關節炎
Skin cancer 皮膚癌
Acne 痤瘡, 粉刺
Warts 疣
Gynecological 婦產科疾病 |
Barratts esophagus 前期食管癌
Viral 濾過性病毒感染
Bacterial 細菌感染
Fungal 真菌感染
HIV 愛滋病毒感染
AIDS 愛滋病
Periodontal & Dental 牙科疾病 | An effective therapy for head and neck cancer
用於頭部和頸部癌症治療的顯著療效
Before 治療前 |
After Therapy 治療後
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Before 治療前 2 months After Therapy 接受治療後2個月
An effective therapy for certain lung and esophageal cancer用於肺癌和食道癌治療的顯著療效 | 1 Week
一周後
2 Weeks
兩周後
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Endoscopically delivered PDT is an FDA approved therapy for
esophageal and lung cancer
肿瘤光力学疗法上使用内窥镜对食管癌和肺癌进行治疗是已获美国食物及药物管理局认可的医学疗法.
| 3 Weeks
三周後 6 Weeks
六周後
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An effective therapy for age related macular degeneration (leaky type) of the eye
用於眼睛的老年黃斑變性(滲出型)治療的顯著療效
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Early Stage
早期階段 | 
Late Stage (leakage)
後期階段（滲出） | |
In clinical trials for the treatment of atherosclerosis and restenosis following coronary artery balloon angioplasty
用於治療動脈硬化和冠狀動脈擴張手術後再狹窄的臨床試驗。
Before 治療前 After 治療後 | | 
Before 治療前 | 
After Treatment 治療後
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Skin Cancer
用於治療皮膚癌
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Warts
用於治療疣
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Gynecological 用於治療婦科疾病
Condyloma acuminata (warts) 尖銳濕疣
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Before治療前
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After治療後
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Barretts esophagus
用於治療巴瑞特氏食道症
| | Before
治療前
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3 Months 三個月後
| 48 Hours
治療48小時後
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Viral 用於由於濾過性毒菌引起的
Herpes simplex 單純皰疹
Herpes zoster 帶狀皰疹
Hepatitis C, D 丙,丁型肝炎
Papilloma 乳突淋瘤, 刺瘤
| Bacterial 用於治療細菌感染的
Gram positive bacteria 革蘭氏(染色)陽性細菌
MRSA (methacillin resistant staph areus)
甲氧西林耐藥金黃色葡萄球菌 | | 爱滋病毒(HIV)量级 |
用於治療愛滋病毒（HIV）的感染
光敏劑聚集程度 | | |
AIDS - related Kaposis sarcoma
由愛滋病引起的卡波西氏肉瘤
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Before 治療前
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After 治療後
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Fungal 適用於真菌感染的疾病
Tinea pedis 足癬
Tinea cruris 股癬
Chronic fungal infection of nail beds 由真菌引起的慢性甲床感染
Many recalcitrant fungal infections have likewise been shown to be benefited by Next Generation PDT/PDT
许多顽固性真菌传染疾病也可使用新一代肿瘤光力学疗法/原光力学疗法。
What is the scientific proof of effectiveness?
該療法的效能有什麼科學依據？
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Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer: Questions and Answers, Cancer ...
Date reviewed: 5/12/2004. Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer: Questions and Answers.
Key Points. ... What is photodynamic therapy? Photodynamic therapy ...
cis.nci.nih.gov/fact/7_7.htm - 17k - 21 Feb 2005 - Cached - Similar pages
What is the scientific proof of effectiveness? 該療法的效能有什麼科學依據？
PubMed
All: 2814
Items 1 - 20 of 141Next 1: Wolfsen HC.Related Articles, Links Present Status of Photodynamic Therapy for High-Grade Dysplasia in Barrett's Esophagus.
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What is the scientific proof of effectiveness?
The New England Journal of Medicine
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[Clinical study of photodynamic therapy for laryngeal cancer] T Yoshida, T Saeki, S Ohashi, T Okudaira, M Lee, H Yoshida, H Maruoka, H Ito, S Funasaka, and H Kato Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho, May 1995; 98: 795-804. Case reports [Abstract]
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Typical Treatment 治療過程
Evaluation by physician 醫生評估
Medicine administered 施藥
Have Light treatments 進行光照治療
Repeat cycles as directed by physician 重複進行上述治療過程
Any Side effects? 是否有副作用？
Treatment Protocol 治療過程 Step 1: The physician completes a medical evaluation and determines the appropriate amount of light sensitive medicine for the patient. 第一步：醫生會為病人的狀況作一個全面的醫學評估，並決定光敏劑（對光照敏感的藥劑）的適當使用量。
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Step 2: The appropriate amount of light sensitive medicine is given to the patient orally over 2-3 days
第二步：病人連續2到3天口服攝入適量的光敏劑。
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Step 3: Patients wait 24 to 36 hours for the agent to clear from skin and normal tissue
第三步：病人需等候24 - 36小時以便光敏劑從正常的組織和皮膚中清除。
 
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Step 4: To activate light sensitive medicine you will be given treatment with a Whole-body Illumination Device (WID) three to five days following administration of the Next Generation Photosensitizer (PhotoNexGen).
第四步：攝入光敏劑三天後，病人需要接受全身性光照治療以使光敏劑啟動。
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Side Effects 副作用
At the recommended dosage only a small number of patients experienced noticeable undesirable effects.
在使用被建議的劑量下，僅有少數病人會有明顯的
不良反應。
In most patients these symptoms were minor and lasted only for a short while.
在大多數的情況下， 病人只出現些微的不良反應症狀，且持續的時間很短。
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